An automobile, also known as a car or motorcar, is a wheeled, self-propelled passenger vehicle that is usually powered by an internal combustion engine fueled by a volatile fuel, most commonly gasoline (petrol). It is one of the most common and widely used vehicles in the world. It is considered to be one of the most advanced of modern technologies and has become a symbol of personal freedom. Its invention and production revolutionized the world, creating a worldwide industry that has transformed transportation and commerce.
The first automobiles were developed in the late 19th century, based on European designs. The American industry, led by Ransom Eli Olds and Henry Ford, soon overtook the Europeans in output and sales. The development of the assembly line production process allowed affordable cars to be produced on a mass scale and brought within reach of middle-class families.
Today, automobiles are manufactured around the globe. The largest producer is the United States, followed by Japan and Germany. Passenger vehicles are the most common type, with most people owning one for family use. Special purpose vehicles are also a significant part of the market, such as ambulances, fire engines and police cars. These are often called “emergency” vehicles because they are designed to be used in emergency situations, such as road accidents.
Automobiles are complex technical systems with thousands of subsystems and components, each of which has specific functions. Their development is a continuous process. In order to keep up with competition, manufacturers must make improvements in performance, safety and appearance. They must also meet government regulations and consumer demands for better fuel efficiency, reduced environmental impact, and improved comfort.
In the early days of the automobile, a number of inventors contributed to its development. Karl Benz invented the first gasoline-powered automobile, the Benz Patent-Motorwagen, in 1886. Gottlieb Daimler later improved on the Benz design, and was the first to manufacture his cars commercially.
The modern automobile is an essential part of life in the developed world, providing a convenient and inexpensive means of transport. It has increased mobility and freedom, allowing people to work or study from home as well as travel for business or leisure purposes. Many people have reported that their lives have improved since they acquired a car. Having a car saves time spent waiting for the bus, and allows people to spend more quality time with their loved ones. It also reduces stress, as a person does not need to worry about getting up early in order to catch the bus or being late for an important meeting. Cars are also much safer than buses if driven safely and with respect for other road users. There are still dangerous drivers on the roads, however. This is why people need to continue to make every effort to stay safe while driving an automobile. The most important factor in preventing accidents is to obey the traffic laws. A driver should also wear a seatbelt and have a valid license, both of which are required by law.